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(詳細はNew York City Subway is a rapid transit system that serves four of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens. Operated by the New York City Transit Authority under the Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York, the New York City Subway is the busiest rapid transit system in the United States and the fourth busiest in the world, with 5.225 million daily riders. The system's stations qualifies it to have the largest number of rapid transit stations in the world. Three rapid transit companies merged in 1940 to create the present New York City Subway system: the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT), the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT), and the Independent Subway System (IND). In the Bronx, only the IRT and IND constructed lines in the borough. == History and description == On May 17, 1886, the Suburban Rapid Transit Company operated the first rapid transit operation in the Annexed District—as the Bronx was known then—via a crossing over the Harlem River between 133rd Street and 129th Street in Manhattan. The Suburban was bought by the Manhattan Railway Company in 1891, which had operated the Second Avenue and Third Avenue Lines from its 129th Street terminal. In turn, the Manhattan Railway was acquired by the IRT in 1902 through a 999-year lease. This line was then known as the IRT Third Avenue Line in both the Bronx and Manhattan. The line was incrementally built northward since its opening until 1920, when it reached its northernmost terminal at Gun Hill Road and connected with the northern portion of the IRT White Plains Road Line. On May 12, 1955, the Third Avenue Line was closed south of 149th Street in response to developers wishing to construct newer residences and commercial buildings on the East Side of Manhattan. The remainder of the Third Avenue Line, wholly within the Bronx, was closed on April 28, 1973 and was subsequently demolished. In the Bronx, the earliest stations and infrastructure of the New York City Subway still in existence lie in the IRT White Plains Road Line. The line, under a contract with the City of New York called Contract 1, was constructed to connect to the original IRT subway system which had operated since October 27, 1904. The section of the White Plains Road Line that opened a month later operated between 149th Street and 180th Street – Bronx Park (a spur line station closed in 1952, now demolished) and ran through the IRT Third Avenue Line. The underground subway from Manhattan (via the IRT Lenox Avenue Line) reached the Bronx by July 10, 1905 and White Plains Road Line trains operated through the subway. In 1908, as an extension of Contract 1, the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line would reach the western Bronx from 225th Street to its present terminal at Van Cortlandt Park – 242nd Street, signifying the completion of the first subway. The IRT's next contract, Contract 3, would be granted alongside the BMT's, Contract 4, in what is called the Dual Contracts. Under the Dual Contracts, from 1917 to 1920, the White Plains Road Line was extended from what is now West Farms Square – East Tremont Avenue to 219th Street, 238th Street, and Wakefield – 241st Street, its northernmost terminal. Also under the contract, the IRT Jerome Avenue Line was opened in 1917 between 149th Street – Grand Concourse and Kingsbridge Road before its extension northward to Woodlawn and the completion of the IRT Lexington Avenue Line a year later. The IRT Ninth Avenue Line's 155th Street station also connected to the Jerome Avenue Line at 167th Street in 1918. (This section was closed in 1958 and later demolished.) Between 1918 and 1920, the IRT Pelham Line was the last Contract 3 line to be built, from its original section between 125th Street (in Manhattan) and Third Avenue – 138th Street, to extensions to Hunts Point Avenue, East 177th Street, Westchester Square, and its northeastern terminus at Pelham Bay Park. The IND's first and only line in the Bronx, the IND Concourse Line, opened in 1933 from 145th Street in Manhattan to Norwood – 205th Street, its northernmost terminal. The most recent expansion of Bronx service happened shortly after the unification of the three New York City subway systems: in 1941, the former tracks of the New York, Westchester and Boston Railway between East 180th Street and Dyre Avenue were reassigned to the IRT as the IRT Dyre Avenue Line. Through service to Manhattan via the White Plains Road Line at East 180th Street began in 1957. Although many east-west streets in the Bronx are prefixed with either "East" or "West," most subway stations are named without the prefix, i.e. 231st Street instead of West 231st Street. The former IRT system had "East" prefixes attached to some of its stations: East 143rd Street on the Pelham Line is differentiated from the now demolished 143rd Street on the Third Avenue Elevated; East 149th Street, also on the Pelham Line, is distinguished from the 149th Street – Grand Concourse station on the Jerome Avenue and White Plains Road lines (as well as the former 149th Street Third Avenue Elevated station); and East 180th Street is separate from the now-demolished 180th Street – Bronx Park station, both stations on the White Plains Road Line. (and the now demolished 180th Street station on the Third Avenue line). The "East" prefix is retained for Tremont Avenue in the West Farms Square – East Tremont Avenue and Westchester Square – East Tremont Avenue stations, while the Concourse Line Tremont Avenue station omits the prefix. The "East" prefix has also been used for 177th Street in the Parkchester – East 177th Street station on the Pelham line. The now demolished Tremont Avenue – 177th Street station didn't use "East" for 177th Street or Tremont Avenue in the station. The 177th Street station on the White Plains Road line also didn't use the "East" prefix. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of New York City Subway stations in the Bronx」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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